Institutes, Associations and Professional Bodies

• BECTU (Broadcasting Entertainment Cinematograph and Theatre Union)
  www.bectu.org.uk
  
  
• Institute of Translation & Interpreting
  www.iti.org.uk
  
  
• Chartered Institute of Linguists
  www.iol.org.uk
  
  
• ATAA (Association des Traducteurs et Adaptateurs de l’Audiovisuel)
  www.traducteurs-av.org
  
  
• NAVIO (the Norwegian Audiovisual Translators’ Union)
  www.navio.no (in Norwegian)
  
  
• avtranslators.org (an association of union reps from several Northern European countries)
  www.navio.no/avt/ (in English)
  
  
• European Association for Studies in Screen Translation
  www.esist.org
  
  
• National Centre for Languages
  www.cilt.org.uk
  

Film Studios

• Buena Vista Home Entertainment - see Walt Disney Pictures
  
  
• Columbia Tristar - www.columbiatristar.co.uk (see also Sony Pictures Entertainment)
  
  
• Dreamworks - www.dreamworks.com/ (see also Paramount Pictures)
  
  
• Fox - www.foxmovies.com (see also www.fox.co.uk, or replace co.uk by the code for your country)
  
  
• Fox Home Entertainment - www.foxhome.com/foxhome_main.html
  
  
• MGM - www.mgm.com
  
  
• Paramount Pictures - www.paramountpictures.com
  
  
• Pathé - www.pathe.co.uk
  
  
• RKO Pictures - www.rko.com
  
  
• Sony Pictures Entertainment - www.sonypictures.com
  
  
• Touchstone Pictures - touchstone.movies.go.com (see also Walt Disney Pictures)
  
  
• United Artists - www.unitedartists.com (see also MGM)
  
  
• Universal Studios - www.universalstudios.com
  
  
• Walt Disney Pictures - www.disneyinternational.com
  
  
• Warner Bros - www.warnerbros.com

Useful Literature and Articles

• Alberge, D. (2007). "The greatest stories ever filmed (mangled by outsourced subtitles)"
  http://entertainment.timesonline.co.uk/tol/arts_and_entertainment/film/article1533920.ece
  
  
• BBC (1994). "BBC Subtitling Guide" BBC, London.
  
  
• Carroll, M. (2004). "Subtitling: Changing Standards for New Media?"
  www.translationdirectory.com/article422.htm
  
  
• Danan, M. (2004). "Captioning and Subtitling: Undervalued Language Learning Strategies" Meta 49(1): 66-77.
  www.erudit.org/revue/meta/2004/v49/n1/009021ar.html
  
  
• Díaz-Cintas, J. "Subtitles for Almodóvar - Workshop: Subtitling"
  www.literarytranslation.com/workshops/almodovar
  
  
• Dries, J. (1995) "Dubbing and Subtitling. Guidelines for Production and Distribution", Düsseldorf: European Institute for the Media.
  
  
• Gaell, R., Ed. (1999) Subtitling Consumer Report, Royal National Institute for Deaf People, London.
  
  
• Gambier, Y. (2004). "La traduction audiovisuelle: un genre en expansion" Meta 49(1): 1-11.
  www.erudit.org/revue/meta/2004/v49/n1/009015ar.html
  
  
• Hajmohammadi, A. (2004). The Viewer as the Focus of Subtitling: Towards a Viewer-oriented Approach . Translation Journal.
  www.accurapid.com/journal/30subtitling.htm
  
  
• Ivarsson, J. and M. Carroll (1998). "Subtitling" TransEdit., Simrishamn.
  (see also www.transedit.se)
  
  
• Jelinek Lewis, M. S. and D. W. Jackson (2001). "Television literacy: comprehension of program content using closed captions for the deaf ", Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education 6(1): 43-53.
  http://jdsde.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/reprint/6/1/43
  
  
• The Journal of Specialised Translation - Issue 6 was devoted to audiovisual translation www.jostrans.org/archive.php?display=06
  
  
• Karamitroglou, F. (1997). "A Proposed Set of Subtitling Standards in Europe". Translation Journal.
  www.accurapid.com/journal/04stndrd.htm
  
  
• Kavanagh, J. and I. Mattingly, Eds. (1972) "Language by Ear and Eye. The Relationships Between Speech and Reading", MIT Press, Cambridge MA.
  
  
• Kyle, J. (1992) "Switched On: Deaf Peoples Views on Television Subtitling. Report for the ITC and the BBC", Centre for Deaf Studies, Univ. of Bristol.
  
  
• Kurz, I. and B. Mikulasek (2004). "Television as a Source of Information for the Deaf and Hearing Impaired. Captions and Sign Language on Austrian TV" Meta 49(1): 81-88.
  www.erudit.org/revue/meta/2004/v49/n1/009023ar.html
  
  
• de Linde, Z. and N. Kay (1999). "The Semiotics of Subtitling", St. Jerome, Manchester.
  
  
• Moeck, J. (2002). "Reading pictures: subtitles for the deaf and hard of hearing", Language international 14(4): 40-43.
  
  
• Neves, J. (2005). "Audiovisual translation: subtitling for the deaf and hard-of-hearing", Roehampton: Roehampton University.
  
  
• OfCom. Guidance on Standards for Subtitling
  www.ofcom.org.uk/tv/ifi/guidance/tv_access_serv/archive/subtitling_stnds
  
• Robson, G. (2004). "Closed Captioning Handbook", Focal Press, Boston.
  
  
• Sandhu, S. (2005). Review of "Subtitles: on the foreignness of film" (ed. Atom Egoyan and Ian Balfour)
  www.newstatesman.com/200501010060
  
  
• Santiago Araújo, V. L. (2004). "Closed subtitling in Brazil. Topics in Audiovisual Translation" P. Orero. Amsterdam, Benjamins: 199-212
  
  
• Thomas, A. (2007). "Subtitle quality lost in translation"
  www.variety.com/article/VR1117970060.html?categoryid=13&cs=1
  
  
• Tveit, J.E. (2004) "Translating for Television - A Handbook in Screen Translation" J.K. Publishing. Bergen.
  
  
• Virkkunen, R. (2004). "The Source Text of Opera Surtitles." Meta 49(1): 98-97.
  www.erudit.org/revue/meta/2004/v49/n1/009024ar.html
  
  
• Unknown author. "One way or another something has to happen": Subtitling, dubbing & international film
  http://ics.leeds.ac.uk/papers/vp01.cfm?outfit=ifilm&folder=17&paper=23

UK Universities Offering Courses in Subtitling

• City, London - www.city.ac.uk

• Leeds - www.leeds.ac.uk
  
  
• Roehampton, London - www.roehampton.ac.uk

• Surrey - www.surrey.ac.uk

• Westminster, London - www.wmin.ac.uk